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exar corporation, 48720 kato road, fremont, ca 94538 (510) 668-7000 fax (510) 668-7017 www.exar.com rev. 1.0.0 XRT5997 seven-channel e1 line interface unit november 1999-2 l generates transmit output pulses that are compliant with the itu-t g.703 pulse template requirement for 2.048mbps (e1) rates l on-chip pulse shaping for both 75 w and 120 w line drivers l receiver can either be transformer or capacitive-coupled to the line l detects and clears los (loss of signal) per itu-t g.775 l compliant with the itu-t g.823 jitter tolerance requirements l compliant with itu g. 703 eos over-voltage protection requirement l logic inputs accept either 3.3v or 5.0v levels l operates over the industrial temperature range l ultra low power dissipation l +3.3v supply operation applications l pdh multiplexers l sdh multiplexers l digital cross-connect systems l dect (digital european cordless telephone) base stations l csu/dsu equipment general description the XRT5997 is an optimized seven-channel analog e1 line interface unit fabricated using low power 3.3v cmos technology. each channel consists of both a transmitter and a receiver function. the transmitter accepts a ttl or cmos level signal from the terminal equipment; and outputs this data to the line via bipolar pulses that are compliant to the itu-t g.703 pulse template for e1. the receiver accepts an attenuated bipolar line signal (from the remote terminal equipment) and outputs this data to the (near-end) terminal equip- ment via cmos level signals. ordering information part no. package operating temperature range XRT5997iv 100-lead tqfp (14 x 14 x 1.4 mm) -40c to +85c features the main features are as follows: l consists of seven (7) independent e1 (cept) line interface units (transmitter and receiver) each receiver input can be transformer or capacitive- coupled to the line. the receiver input is transformer- coupled to the line, using a 2:1 step-down transformer. each transmitter is coupled to the line using a 1:2 step- up transformer. this same configuration is applicable for both balanced (120 w ) and unbalanced (75 w ) interfaces.
XRT5997 2 rev. 1.0.0 figure 1. XRT5997 block diagram channe l 1 channel 2 channel 3 channel 4 channel 5 channel 6 transmit input interface transmit input interface pulse shaping circuit pulse shaping circuit ttip tring txpos txneg txclk receiv e equalizer receive equalizer peak detector/ slice r peak detector/ slicer receive output interfac e receive output interface los detecto r los detector rtip rring rxpos rxneg rxlos channel 7
XRT5997 3 rev. 1.0.0 pin configuration 100-pin tqfp XRT5997iv rxpos6 rxneg6 dgnd rtip6 rring6 rtip7 rring7 avdd agnd avdd rring5 agnd rtip5 tgnd5 ttip5 tring5 tvdd5 tgnd4 ttip4 tring4 tvdd4 rtip4 rring4 dgnd txclk4 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 75 74 73 72 71 rxpos1 rxneg1 dvdd rxpos7 rxneg7 rtip1 rring1 avdd agnd avdd rring2 los7 rtip2 agnd ttip2 tring2 tvdd2 tgnd2 ttip3 tring3 tvdd3 rtip3 rring3 tgnd3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 txclk3 txneg3 txpos3 los3 rxpos3 rxneg3 txpos2 txneg2 txclk2 rxpos2 rxneg2 los2 dvdd dvdd dgnd los5 rxpos5 rxneg5 txclk5 txneg5 txpos5 rxneg4 rxpos4 los4 txpos4 txneg4 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 los1 txpos1 txneg1 txclk1 tgnd1 ttip1 tvdd1 tring1 tring7 tgnd7 tvdd7 ttip7 dgnd txclk7 txneg7 txpos7 dgnd tring6 tvdd6 ttip6 tgnd6 txclk6 txneg6 txpos6 los6 100 99 98 97 96 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 100 lead thin quad flat pack (14 x 14 x 1.4 mm., tqfp)
XRT5997 4 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 1 rxpos1 o receiver 1 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 1, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip1/rring1 inputs. 2 rxneg1 o receiver 1 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 1, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at trtip1/rring1 inputs. 3 dvdd - positive supply - (+3.3v 5%). digital circuitry. 4 los7 o receiver 7 loss of signal output indicator: this output pin toggles high if channel 7, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. 5 rxpos7 o receiver 7 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 7, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip7/rring7 inputs. 6 rxneg7 o receiver 7 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 7, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip7/rring7 inputs. 7 rtip1 i receiver 1 positive bipolar input: the receive section of channel 1 uses this input pin, along with rring1 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 8 rring1 i receiver 1 negative bipolar input: the receive section of channel 1 uses this input pin, along with rtip1 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 9 avdd - positive supply - (+3.3v 5%). analog circuitry. 10 agnd - analog ground 11 avdd positive supply - (+3.3v 5%). receiver 1, 2, 3, 5. 12 rring2 i receiver 2 negative bipolar input: the receive section of channel 2 uses this input pin, along with rtip2 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 13 rtip2 i receiver 2 positive bipolar input: the receive section of channel 2 uses this input pin, along with rring2 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. pin description
XRT5997 5 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 14 agnd - analog ground - receiver 1, 2, 3, 5. 15 ttip2 o transmitter 2 positive bipolar output: channel 2 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring2, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 16 tvdd2 - positive supply - (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 2. 17 tring2 o transmitter 2 negative bipolar output: channel 2 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip2, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 18 tgnd2 digital ground - transmitters 2. 19 tring3 o transmitter 3 negative bipolar output: channel 3 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip3, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 20 tvdd3 positive supply - (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 3. 21 ttip3 o transmitter 3 positive bipolar output: channel 3 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring3, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 22 tgnd3 digital ground - transmitters 3. 23 rtip3 i receiver 3 positive bipolar input. the receive section of channel 4 uses this input pin, along with rring3 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 24 rring3 i receiver 3 negative bipolar input. the receive section of channel 3 uses this input pin, along with rtip3 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 25 txclk3 i transmitter clock input C channel 3: if the user operates channel 3 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 3 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos3 and txneg3 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 3 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. pin description (cont'd)
XRT5997 6 rev. 1.0.0 pin description (cont'd) pin# symbol type description 26 txneg3 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 3: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 3) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative- polarity pulse onto the line via ttip3 and tring3 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk3 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line viattip3 and tring3 output pins. 27 txpos3 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 3: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 3) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive- polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk1 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins). 28 los3 o receiver 3 C loss of signal output indicator: this output pin toggles high if channel 3, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. 29 rxpos3 o receiver 3 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 3, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip3/rring3 inputs.
XRT5997 7 rev. 1.0.0 pin description (cont'd) pin# symbol type description 30 rxneg3 o receiver 3 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 3, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip3/rring3 inputs. 31 txpos2 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 2: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 2) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip2 and tring2 output pins). the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk2 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip2 and tring2 output pins. 32 txneg2 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 2: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of the channel 2) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip2 and tring2 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk2 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip2 and tring2 output pins. 33 txclk2 i transmitter clock input C channel 2: if the user operates channel 2 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 2 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos2 and txneg2 input pins. note if the user operates the channel 2 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. note: 1 internally pull-up with 50k resistor.
XRT5997 8 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 34 rxneg2 o receiver 2 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 2, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip2/rring2 inputs. 35 rxpos2 o receiver 2 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 2, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip2/rring2 inputs. 36 los2 o receiver 2 loss of signal: this output pin toggles high if channel 2, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. 37 dvdd - positive supply (+3.3v 5%). digital circuitry. 38 dvdd - positive supply (+3.3v 5%). digital circuitry. 39 dgnd - digital ground: digital circuitry. 40 los5 o receiver 5 loss of signal: this output pin toggles high if channel 5, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. note: 1 internally pull-up with 50k resistor 41 rxpos5 o receiver 5 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 5, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip5/rring5 inputs. 42 rxneg5 o receiver 5 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 5, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip5/rring5 inputs. 43 txclk5 i transmitter clock input C channel 5: if the user operates channel 5 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 5 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos5 and txneg5 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 5 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. pin description (cont'd) note: 1 internally pull-up with 50k resistor.
XRT5997 9 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 44 txneg5 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 5: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of the channel 5) in clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip5 and tring5 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk5 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip5 and tring5 output pins. 45 txpos5 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 5: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 5) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip5 and tring5 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk5 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip5 and tring5 output pins. 46 rxneg4 o receiver 4 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 4, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at the rtip4/rring4 inputs. 47 rxpos4 o receiver 4 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 4, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip4/rring4 inputs. pin description (cont'd)
XRT5997 10 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 48 los4 o receiver 4 loss of signal: this output pin toggles high if channel 4, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. 49 txpos4 o transmitter - positive data input C channel 4: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 4) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip4 and tring4 output pins). the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk4 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip4 and tring4 output pins. 50 txneg4 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 4: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of the channel 4) in the clocked or clockless mode. in the clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via the ttip4 and tring4 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk4 signal. in the clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line (via the ttip4 and tring4 output pins). 51 txclk4 i transmitter clock input C channel 4: if the user operates channel 4 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 4 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos4 and txneg4 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 4 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. 52 rring4 i receiver 4 negative bipolar input: the receive section of channel 4 uses this input pin, along with rtip4 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. pin description (cont'd)
XRT5997 11 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 53 rtip4 i receiver 4 positive bipolar input. the receive section of channel 4 uses this input pin, along with rring4 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 54 dgnd digital ground. digital circuitry. 55 ttip4 o transmitter 4 positive bipolar output. channel 4 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring4, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 56 tvdd4 positive supply (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 4. 57 tring4 o transmitter 4 negative bipolar output. channel 4 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip4, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 58 tgnd4 digital ground. transmitters 4. 59 tring5 o transmitter 5 negative bipolar output. channel 5 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip5, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 60 tvdd5 positive supply (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 5. 61 ttip5 o transmitter 5 positive bipolar output. channel 5 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring5, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 62 tgnd5 digital ground. transmitters 5. 63 rtip5 i receiver 5 positive bipolar input. the receive section of channel 5 uses this input pin, along with rring5 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 64 rring5 i receiver 5 negative bipolar input. the receive section of channel 5 uses this input pin, along with rtip5 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 65 avdd positive supply (+3.3v 5%). analog circuitry. 66 agnd analog ground. 67 avdd positive supply (+3.3v 5%). receiver 4, 6, 7. 68 rring7 i receiver 7 negative bipolar input. the receive section of channel 7 uses this input pin, along with rtip7 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. pin description (cont'd)
XRT5997 12 rev. 1.0.0 pin# symbol type description 69 rtip7 i receiver 7 positive bipolar input: the receive section of channel 7 uses this input pin, along with rring7 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 70 rring6 i receiver 6 negative bipolar input: the receive section of channel 6 uses this input pin, along with rtip6 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 71 rtip6 i receiver 6 positive bipolar input: the receive section of channel 6 uses this input pin, along with rring6 to receive the bipolar line signal from the remote e1 terminal. 72 agnd analog ground. receiver 4, 6, 7. 73 dgnd3 digital ground. digital circuitry. 74 rxneg6 o receiver 6 negative data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 6, within the XRT5997 device has received a negative polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip6/rring6 inputs. 75 rxpos6 o receiver 6 positive data out: this output pin will pulse high whenever channel 6, within the XRT5997 device has received a positive polarity pulse, in the incoming line signal, at rtip6/rring6 inputs. 76 los6 o receiver 6 loss of signal: this output pin toggles high if channel 6, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal. 77 txpos6 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 6: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 6) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip6 and tring6 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk6 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip6 and tring6 output pins. pin description (cont'd)
XRT5997 13 rev. 1.0.0 pin description (cont'd) pin# symbol type description 78 txneg6 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 6: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of the channel 6) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip6 and tring6 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk6 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via tip6 and tring6 output pins. 79 txclk6 i transmitter clock input C channel 6: if the user operates channel 6 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 6 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos6 and txneg6 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 6 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. 80 tgnd6 digital ground. transmitters 6. 81 ttip6 o transmitter 6 positive bipolar output: channel 6 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring6, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 82 tvdd6 positive supply (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 6. 83 tring6 o transmitter 6 negative bipolar output: channel 6 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip6, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 84 dgnd digital ground. digital circuitry.
XRT5997 14 rev. 1.0.0 pin description (cont'd) pin# symbol type description 85 txpos7 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 7: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 7) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip7 and tring7 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk7 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip7 and tring7 output pins. 86 txneg7 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 7: 87 txclk7 i transmitter clock input C channel 7: if the user operates channel 7 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 7 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos7 and txneg7 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 7 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin. 88 dgnd digital ground: digital circuitry. 89 ttip7 o transmitter 7 positive bipolar output: channel 7 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring7, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 90 tvdd7 positive supply: (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 7. 91 tring7 o transmitter 7 negative bipolar output: channel 7 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip7, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 92 tgnd7 digital ground: transmitters 7. 93 tring1 o transmitter 1 negative bipolar output: channel 1 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with ttip1, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 94 tvdd1 positive supply (+3.3v 5%), transmitters 1.
XRT5997 15 rev. 1.0.0 pin description (cont'd) pin# symbol type description 95 ttip1 o transmitter 1 positive bipolar output. channel 1 within the XRT5997 device will use this pin, along with tring1, to transmit a bipolar line signal, via a 1:2 step-up transformer. 96 tgnd1 digital ground. transmitters 1. 97 txclk1 i transmitter clock input C channel 1: if the user operates channel 1 (within the XRT5997 device) in the clocked mode, then the transmit section of the channel 1 will use the falling edge of this signal to sample the data at the txpos1 and txneg1 input pins. note: if the user operates the channel 1 in the clockless mode, then the terminal equipment should not apply a clock signal to this input pin.. 98 txneg1 i transmitter - negative data input C channel 1: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of the channel 1) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk1 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a negative-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins. 99 txpos1 i transmitter - positive data input C channel 1: the exact signal that should be applied to this input pin depends upon whether the user intends to operate the transmit section (of channel 1) in the clocked or clockless mode. clocked mode: the terminal equipment should apply bit-wide nrz pulses on this input pin, whenever the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins. the XRT5997 device will sample this input pin upon the falling edge of the tclk1 signal. clockless mode: the terminal equipment should apply rz pulses to this input pin, anytime the terminal equipment needs to transmit a positive-polarity pulse onto the line via ttip1 and tring1 output pins. 100 los1 o receiver 1 loss of signal: this output pin toggles high if channel 1, within the XRT5997 device has detected a loss of signal condition in the incoming line signal.
XRT5997 16 rev. 1.0.0 receiver electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified: t a =-40 to 85c, v dd =3.3v5%, unless otherwise specified. parameter min typ max unit test conditions receiver loss of signal: threshold to assert 12 20 - db cable attenuation @ 1024khz threshold to clear 11 15 db time delay 10 - 255 bit per itu-g.775 hysteresis - 5 - db receiver sensitivity 11 13 - db below nominal pulse amplitude of 3.0v for 120 w and 2.37v for 75 w applications. with -18db interference signal added. interference margin -18 -14 - db with 6db cable loss. input impedance 5 - - k w jitter tolerance: 20hz 10 700hz 5 - - uipp 10khz 100khz 0.3 return loss: 51khz 102khz 14 - - db 102khz2048khz 20 - - db per itu-g.703 2048khz3072khz 16 - - db transmitter electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified: t a =-40 to 85c, v dd =3.3v5%, unless otherwise specified. parameter min typ max unit test conditions ami output pulse amplitude: 75 w application 2.13 2.37 2.60 v use transformer with 1:2 ratio and 9.1 w 120 w application 2.70 3.0 3.30 v resistor in series with each end of primary. output pulse width 224 244 264 ns output pulse width ratio 0.95 - 1.05 - per itu-g.703 output pulse amplitude ratio 0.95 - 1.05 - per itu-g.703 output return loss: 51khz 102khz 10 - - db per etsi 300 166 and ch ptt 102khz2048khz 16 - - db 2048khz3072khz 12 - - db
XRT5997 17 rev. 1.0.0 figure e1. itu g.703 pulse template for transmitter output 244 ns 219 ns 20 % 50 % 0 % v= 100 % 244+50 269ns normal pulse 244 ns 244+244 244+244 244-25 244-50 194ns dc electrical characteristics t a =-25c, v dd =3.3v5%, unless otherwise specified. parameter symbol min typ max unit power supply voltage vdd 3.13 3.3 3.46 v input high voltage vih 2.0 - 5.0 v input low voltage vil -0.5 - 0.8 v output high voltage @ ioh=-5ma voh 2.4 - - v output low voltage @ iol=5ma vol - - 0.4 v input leakage current il - - 10 m a (except input pins w/ pull-up resistor.) input capacitance ci 5.0 pf output load capacitance cl - - 25 pf
XRT5997 18 rev. 1.0.0 parameter symbol min typ max unit tclk clock period t 1 - 488 - ns tclk duty cycle t 2 47 50 53 % transmit data setup time t su 50 - - ns transmit data hold time t ho 30 - - ns transmit data prop. delay time t 3 - rz data mode - 30 - ns - nrz data mode (clock mode) - 30 - ns tclk rise time(10%/90%) t r --40ns tclk fall time(90%/10%) t f --40ns receive data rise time r tr --40ns receive data fall time r tf --40ns receive data prop. delay r pd -75 - ns receive data pulse width rxpw 200 244 350 ns ac electrical characteristics t a =-25c, v dd =3.3v5%, unless otherwise specified. absolute maximum ratings storage temperature -65c to + 150c operating temperature -40c to + 85c esd rating >4000v on all pins 2 supply voltage -0.5v to + 6.0v note: 2 human body model, 100pf capacitor discharged through a 1.5k w resistor. per channel power consumption including the line power dissipation, tranmission and receive paths all active : t a =-40 to 85c, v dd =3.3v5%, unless otherwise specified. parameter symbol min typ max unit conditions power consumption pc - 85 95 mw 75 w load, operating at 50% mark density. power consumption pc - 72 80 mw 120 w load, operating at 50% mark density. power consumption pc - 135 144 mw 75 w load, operating at 100% mark density. power consumption pc - 106 115 mw 120 w load, operating at 100% mark density. power consumption pc - 16 18 mw transmitter in powered-down mode.
XRT5997 19 rev. 1.0.0 system description the XRT5997 device is a seven (7) channel e1 transceiver that provides an electrical interface for 2.048mbps applications. each of the seven channels includes a receive circuit that converts an itu-t g.703 compliant bipolar signal into a ttl compatible logic levels. each receiver also includes an los (loss of signal) detection circuit. similarly, in the transmit direction, each transmitter converts ttl compatible logic levels into a g.703 compatible bipolar signal. the transmitter may be operated in either a clocked or clockless mode. each channel within the XRT5997 liu device consists of both a transmit section and a receive section, each of these sections will be discussed in detail below. 1.0 the transmit section in general, the purpose of the transmit section (within each channel of the XRT5997 device) is to accept ttl/cmos level digital data (from the terminal equipment), and to encode it into a format such that it can: 1. be efficiently transmitted over coaxial- or twisted- pair cable at the e1 data rate; and 2. be reliably received by the remote terminal equipment at the other end of the e1 data link. 3. comply with the itu-t g.703 pulse template requirements, for e1 applications. the circuitry that the transmit section (within the XRT5997 device) uses to accomplish this goal is discussed below. the transmit section of the XRT5997 device consists of the following blocks: transmit input interface pulse shaping block 1.1 the transmit input interface the transmit input interface accepts either clocked or clockless data from the terminal equipment. the manner in how the terminal equipment should apply data to a given channel within the XRT5997 device depends upon whether the channel is being operated in the clocked or clockless mode. 1.2.1 operating the transmitter in the clocked mode the user can configure a given channel (within the XRT5997 device) to operate in the clocked mode by simply applying a 2.048mhz clock signal to the txclk_x input pin (where x denotes a given channel within the xr5997 device). the XRT5997 device contains some circuitry that sense activity on the txclk_x line. if this circuit senses activity on the txclk_x line, then the corresponding channel will automatically be operating in the clocked mode. in the clocked mode, the terminal equipment is expected to apply a 2.048mhz clock signal at the txclk_x input pin and nrz data at the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins. the transmit input interface circuit will sample the data, at the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins, upon the falling edge of txclk_x, as illustrated in figure 3.
XRT5997 20 rev. 1.0.0 tclk_x txpos_x txneg_x tsu tho figure 2. illustration on how the XRT5997 device samples the data on the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins in general, if the XRT5997 device samples a 1 on the txpos_x input pin, then the transmit section of the device will ultimately generate a positive polarity pulse via the ttip_x and tring_x output pins (across a 1:2 transformer). conversely, if the XRT5997 device samples a 1 on the txneg_x input pin, then the transmit section of the device will ultimately gener- ate a negative polarity pulse via the ttip_x and tring_x output pins (across a 1:2 transformer). 1.2.1 operating the transmitter in the clockless mode the user can configure a given channel (within the XRT5997 device) to operate in the clockless mode by doing the following: not applying a clock signal to the txclk_x input, and either pulling this pin to vdd or letting it float. by applying rz (return to zero) data to the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins, as illustrated below.
XRT5997 21 rev. 1.0.0 txpos _x txneg _x txclk _x data 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 bit period rz pulse is to be applied in the first half of the bit-period no pulse is to be applied in the second half of the bit period no activity in txclk line figure 3. illustration on how the terminal equipment should apply data to the transmit section of a given channel (within the XRT5997 device), when operating in the clockless mode figure 3, indicates that when the user is operating a channel in the clockless mode, then the correspond- ing terminal equipment must do the following: not apply a signal on the txclk_x line. when applying a pulse (to either the txpos_x or txneg_x input pin), apply an rz pulse to the appropriate input pin. this rz pulse should only have a width of one-half the bit-period. addition, the rz pulse should occupy only the first half of the bit-period. the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins must be at 0v, during the second half of every bit-period. 1.3 the pulse shaping circuit the purpose of the transmit pulse shaping circuit is to generate transmit output pulses that comply with the itu-t g.703 pulse template requirements for e1 applications.
XRT5997 22 rev. 1.0.0 0% 50% v = 100% 244ns nominal pulse 219ns (244 - 25) 269ns (244 + 25) 194ns 10% 10% 20% figure 4. illustration of the itu-t g.703 pulse template for e1 applications as a consequence, each channel (within the XRT5997 device) will take each mark (which is provided to it via the transmit input interface block, and will generate a pulse that complies with the pulse template, pre- sented in figure 4, (when measured on the secondary- side of the transmit output transformer). 1.4 interfacing the transmit sections of the XRT5997 device to the line itu-t g.703 specifies that the e1 line signal can be transmitted over coaxial cable and terminated with 75 w or transmitted over twisted-pair and terminated with 120 w . however, in both applications (e.g., 75 w or 120 w ), the user is advised to interface the transmitter to the line, in the manner as depicted in figures 5 and 6, respec- tively.
XRT5997 23 rev. 1.0.0 figure 5. illustration of how to interface the transmit sections of the XRT5997 device to the line (for 75 w w w w w applications) u1 XRT5997 txpos_1 99 txneg_1 98 txclk_1 97 tring_1 93 ttip_1 95 r1 9.1 1 2 r2 9.1 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 j1 bnc 1 2 txpos_1 txneg_1 txlineclk_1 u1 XRT5997 txpos_1 99 txneg_1 98 txclk_1 97 tring_1 93 ttip_1 95 r1 9.1 1 2 r2 9.1 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 ttip_channel_1 tring_channel_1 txlineclk_1 txneg_1 txpos_1 figure 6. illustration of how to interface the transmit sections the XRT5997 device to the line (for 120 w w w w w applications) notes: 1. figures 5 and 6, indicate that for both 75 w and 120 w applications, the user should connect a 9.1 w resistor, in series, between the ttip/tring outputs and the transformers. 2. figure 5 and 6, indicate that the user should use a 1:2 step-up transformer.
XRT5997 24 rev. 1.0.0 transmit transformer recommendations parameter value turns ratio 1:2 primary inductance isolation voltage leakage inductance the following transformers are recommended for use part number vendor isolation package type pe-65835 pulse tti 7154-r transpower technologies, inc. tg26-1205 halo note: more transformers will be added to this list as we take the time to evaluate these transformers. magnetic supplier information pulse corporate office 12220 world trade drive san diego, ca 92128 tel: (619)-674-8100 fax: (619)-674-8262 europe 1 & 2 huxley road the surrey research park guildford, surrey gu2 5re united kingdom tel: 44-1483-401700 fax: 44-1483-401701 asia 150 kampong ampat #07-01/02 ka centre singapore 368324 tel: 65-287-8998 fax: 65-280-0080 transpower technologies corporate office 9410 prototype drive, ste #1 reno, nv 89511 tel: (800)511-7308 or (775)852-0140 fax: (775)852-0145 www.trans-power.com halo electronics p.o. box 5826 redwood city, ca 94063 tel: (650)568-5800 fax: (650)568-6161
XRT5997 25 rev. 1.0.0 2.0 the receive section the receive sections of the XRT5997 device consists of the following blocks: the receive equalizer block the peak detector and slicer block the los detector block the receive output interface block u1 XRT5997 rtip_1 7 rring_1 8 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 r1 18.7 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 j1 bnc 1 2 rxpos_1 rxneg_1 loss of signal - 1 2.1 interfacing the receive sections to the line the design of each channel (within the XRT5997 device) permits the user to transformer-couple or capacitive-couple the receive section to the line. additionally, as mentioned earlier, the specification documents for e1 specify 75 w termination loads, when transmitting over coaxial cable, and 120 w loads, when transmitting over twisted-pair. figures 7 , through 9 present the various methods that the user can employ in order to interface the receivers (of the XRT5997 device) to the line. figure 7. recommended schematic for interfacing the receive sections of the XRT5997 device to the line for 75 w w w w w applications (transformer-coupling)
XRT5997 26 rev. 1.0.0 u1 XRT5997 rtip_1 7 rring_1 8 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 r1 30.1 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 loss of signal - 1 rxneg_1 rxpos_1 rtip_1 rring_1 figure 8. recommended schematic for interfacing the receive sections of the XRT5997 device to the line for 120 w w w w w applications (transformer-coupling) note: figures 7 and 8 indicate that the user should use a 2:1 step-down transformer, when interfacing the receiver to the line. transmit transformer recommendations parameter value turns ratio 1:2 primary inductance isolation voltage leakage inductance the following transformers are recommended for use part number vendor isolation package type pe-65835 pulse tti 7154-r transpower technologies, inc. tg26-1205 halo note: more transformers will be added to this list as we take the time to evaluate these transformers.
XRT5997 27 rev. 1.0.0 capacitive-coupling the receiver to the line figure 9, presents a recommended approach that the user to employ when capacitive-coupling the receive section to the line. u1 XRT5997 rtip_1 7 rring_1 8 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 c1 0.1uf 1 2 c2 0.1uf 1 2 r2 37.4 1 2 r1 37.4 1 2 j1 bnc 1 2 rxpos_1 rxneg_1 loss of signal - 1 figure 9. recommended schematic for interfacing the receive sections of the XRT5997 device to the line for 75 w w w w w applications (capacitive-coupling) 2.2 the receive equalizer bock after a given channel (within the XRT5997 device) has received the incoming line signal, via the rtip_x and rring_x input pins, the first block that this signal will pass through is the receive equalizer block. as the line signal is transmitted from a given transmit- ting terminal, the pulse shapes (at that location) are basically square. hence, these pulses consist of a combination of low and high frequency fourier components. as this line signal travels from the transmitting terminal (via the coaxial cable or twisted pair) to the receiving terminal, it will be subjected to frequency-dependent loss. in other words, the higher frequency components of the signal will be subjected to a greater amount of attenuation than the lower frequency components. if this line signal travels over reasonably long cable lengths, then the shape of the pulses (which were originally square) will be distorted and with inter-symbol interference increases. the purpose of this block is to equalize the incoming distorted signal, due to cable loss. in essence, the receive equalizer block accomplishes this by subject- ing the received line signal to frequency-dependent amplification (which attempts to counter the fre- quency-dependent loss that the line signal has experi- enced). by doing this, the receive equalizer is attempting to restore the shape of the line signal so that the received data can be recovered reliably.
XRT5997 28 rev. 1.0.0 2.3 the peak detector and slicer block after the incoming line signal has passed through the receive equalizer block, it will next be routed to the slicer block. the purpose of the slicer block is to quantify a given bit-period (or symbol) within the incom- ing line signal as either a 1 or a 0. 2.3 the los detector block the los detector block, within each channel (of the XRT5997 device) was specifically designed to comply with the los declaration/clearance requirements per itu-t g.775. as a consequence, the channel will declare an los condition, (by driving the rxlos output pin high) if the received line signal amplitude drops to C20db or below. further, the channel will clear the los condition if the signal amplitude rises back up to C15db or above. figure 10 presents an illustration that depicts the signal levels at which a given channel (within the XRT5997 device) will assert and clear los. 0 db -6 db -9db -35db maximum cable loss for e1 los signal must be declared los signal must be cleared los signal may be cleared or declared figure 10. illustration of the signal levels that the receiver sections (within XRT5997 device) will declare and clear los timing requirements associated with declaring and clearing the los indicator. the XRT5997 device was designed to meet the itu-t g.775 specification timing requirements for declaring and clearing the los indica- tor. in particular, the XRT5997 device will declare an los, between 10 and 255 ui (or e1 bit-periods) after the actual time the los condition occurred. further, the XRT5997 device will clear the los indicator within 10 to 255 ui after restoration of the incoming line signal. figure 11 illustrates the los declaration and clearance behavior, in response to first, the loss of signal event and then afterwards, the restoration of the signal.
XRT5997 29 rev. 1.0.0 actual occurrence of los condition line signal is restored time range for los declaration time range for los clearance g.775 compliance g.775 compliance 0 ui 10 ui 0 ui 10 ui 255 ui 255 ui rxin los output pin note: for e1, 1 ui = 488ns figure 11. the behavior of the los output indicator, in response to the loss of signal, and the restoration of the signal 2.3 the receive output interface block the purpose of the receive output interface block is to interface directly with the receiving terminal equip- ment. the receive output interface block outputs the data (which has been recovered from the incoming line signal) to the receive terminal equipment via the rxpos_x and rxneg_x output pins. if the receive sections of the XRT5997 device has received a positive-polarity pulse, via the rtip_x and rring_x input pins, then the receive output interface will output a pulse via the rxpos_x output pins. similarly, if the receive sections of the XRT5997 device has received a negative-polarity pulse, via the rtip_x and rring_x input pins, then the receive output interface will output a pulse via the rxneg_x output pins. note: the receive output interface block does not supply a recovered clock. this device is intended to be used in those applications, where the clock recovery circuit is realized in an asic solution. 3.0 shutting off the transmitter each channel (within the XRT5997 device) permits the user to shut off the transmit driver within their respective transmit section. this feature can come in handy for system redundancy design considerations or during diagnostic testing. the user can activate this feature by either of the following ways. method 1: connect the transmit data input pins (e.g., txpos_x and txneg_x) to a logic 1; or allow them to float. (these input pins have an internal pull-up resistor). method 2: connect the txclk_x input pin to a logic 0 (e.g., gnd) and continue to apply data via the txpos_x and txneg_x input pins.
XRT5997 30 rev. 1.0.0 tclk txpos or ttip/ tring v txout t xpw t ho t su t 1 t 2 t 3 t r t f tneg nrz mode (clock mode) txpos or tneg ttip/ tring t xpw v txout t 3 rz mode (none-clock mode) figure 12. transmit timing diagram rring /rtip rxpos rxpw rp d rxneg rtr rtf figure 13. receive timing diagram
XRT5997 31 rev. 1.0.0 application information figures 14, 15 and 16, provide example schematics on how to interface channel 1 of the XRT5997 device to the line, under the following conditions. receiver is transformer-coupled to a 75 w unbalanced line. receiver is transformer-coupled to a 120 w balanced line. receiver is capacitive-coupled to a 75 w unbalanced line. u1 XRT5997 txpos_1 99 txneg_1 98 txclk_1 97 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 rring_1 8 rtip_1 7 tring_1 93 ttip_1 95 r1 9.1 1 2 r2 9.1 1 2 r3 18.7 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 j1 bnc 1 2 j2 bnc 1 2 rxpos_1 rxneg_1 loss of signal - 1 txpos_1 txneg_1 txlineclk_1 figure 14. illustration on how to interface channel 1 (of the XRT5997 device) to the line (receiver is transformer-coupled to a 75 w w w w w unbalanced line)
XRT5997 32 rev. 1.0.0 u1 XRT5997 txpos_1 99 txneg_1 98 txclk_1 97 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 rring_1 8 rtip_1 7 tring_1 93 ttip_1 95 r3 30.1 1 2 r1 9.1 1 2 r2 9.1 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 txpos_1 txneg_1 txlineclk_1 ttip_1 tring_1 rxpos_1 rxneg_1 loss of signal - 1 rtip_1 rring_1 figure 15, illustration on how to interface channel 1 (of the XRT5997 device) to the line (receiver is transformer-coupled to a 120 w w w w w balanced line)
XRT5997 33 rev. 1.0.0 u1 XRT5997 txpos_1 99 txneg_1 98 txclk_1 97 rxpos_1 1 rxneg_1 2 rxlos_1 100 rring_1 8 rtip_1 7 tring_1 93 ttip_1 95 r1 9.1 1 2 r2 9.1 1 2 r3 37.4 1 2 r4 37.4 1 2 c2 0.1uf 1 2 c1 0.1uf 1 2 1:2 pe-65835 1 5 4 8 j1 bnc 1 2 j2 bnc 1 2 txpos_1 txneg_1 txlineclk_1 rxpos_1 rxneg_1 loss of signal - 1 figure 16. illustration on how to interface channel 1 (of the XRT5997 device) to the line (receiver is capacitive-coupled to a 75 w w w w w unbalanced line)
XRT5997 34 rev. 1.0.0
XRT5997 35 rev. 1.0.0 notes
XRT5997 36 rev. 1.0.0 notes
XRT5997 37 rev. 1.0.0 notice exar corporation reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this publication in order to improve design, performance or reliability. exar corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. charts and schedules contained here in are only for illustration purposes and may vary depending upon a users specific application. while the information in this publication has been carefully checked; no responsibility, however, is assumed for in accuracies. exar corporation does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. products are not authorized for use in such applications unless exar corporation receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c) potential liability of exar corporation is adequately protected under the circumstances. copyright 1999 exar corporation datasheet september 1999 reproduction, in part or whole, without the prior written consent of exar corporation is prohibited.

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